Background: One of the cardinal requirements for effective therapeutic management of tumors is the selective\r\ndelivery of cancer drugs to the right site by ligand-decorated nanomedicines. Screening of 2 Ã?â?? 109 clone landscape\r\nphage library provides a reliable avenue for generating protein ligands specific for tumor cells. It was shown that\r\nselective phage proteins derived from landscape phage libraries against breast and prostate cancer cells are able to\r\nnavigate drug or siRNA loaded liposomes to corresponding cancer cells with minimal toxicity to non-neoplastic\r\ncells. In an alternative platform, glioma cell-specific phage proteins were used for assembling in vivo cancer-specific\r\nphage-like particles, named ââ?¬Ë?phagemid infective particlesââ?¬â?¢ as targeted gene-delivery vehicles.\r\nMethods: To extend the panel of anticancer cell phages, we have screened a 2 Ã?â?? 109 clone landscape phage\r\nlibrary f8/8 to select phage clones specific for metastatic prostate cancer cell PC-3M. The phage clones were\r\ncharacterized for their selective interaction with PC-3M cells using phage capture assay, immunofluorescence\r\nmicroscopy and electron microscopy. A prostate cancer selective phage was converted to phage-like particles\r\nharboring emerald green fluorescent protein.\r\nResults: Phage clone EPTHSWAT (designated by the sequence of inserted peptide) was found to be most selective\r\nfor PC-3M cells and was observed to internalize PC-3M cells as revealed by immunofluorescence microscopy and\r\nelectron microscopy. Conversion of this phage to phage-like particles harboring emerald green fluorescent protein\r\nand the expression of emerald green fluorescent protein in the phage-like particles treated PC-3M cells showed\r\npotential of adoption of this phage-like particle in prostate cancer therapeutic gene delivery.\r\nConclusion: Successful employment of phage-like particles expressing emerald green fluorescent protein genes\r\ntargeted to prostate cancer cells PC-3M confirms a prospect of their use for targeted delivery of therapeutic genes\r\nto cancer cells.
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